Social Studies Curriculum Alignment

SOCIAL STUDIES CURRICULUM ALIGNMENT

Social Studies Curriculum Alignment: Grade 10 - Grade 11 - Grade 12
Social Studies Benchmarks - Academics Page

	Grade 10 Social Studies Curriculum Alignment
	10.S1.	History
	10.S1.A.	Explain connections between the ideas of the Enlightenment and changes in the relationships between citizens and their governments.
	10.S1.B.	Explain the social, political and economic effects of industrialization.
	10.S1.C.	Analyze the reasons that countries gained control of territory through imperialism and the impact on people living in the territory that was controlled.
	10.S1.D.	Connect developments related to World War I with the onset of World War II.
	10.S1.E.	Analyze connections between World War II, the Cold War and contemporary conflicts.
	10.S1.F	Identify major historical patterns in the domestic affairs of the United States during the 20 th century and explain their significance.
	10.S1.1.	Explain the effects of industrialization in the United States in the 19th century including:
	10.S1.1.a.	Changes in work and the workplace;
	10.S1.1.b.	Immigration and child labor and their impact on the labor force;
	10.S1.1.c.	Modernization of agriculture;
	10.S1.1.d.	Urbanization;
	10.S1.1.e.	The emergence of a middle class and its impact on leisure, art, music, literature and other aspects of culture.
	10.S1.2.	Analyze the impact of industrialization and the modern corporation in the United States on economic and political practices with emphasis on:
	10.S1.2.a.	Laissez-faire policies;
	10.S1.2.b.	monopolies;
	10.S1.2.c.	Standard of living.
	10.S1.3.	Analyze the reasons for the rise and growth of labor organizations in the United States (i.e., Knights of Labor, American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations) including:
	10.S1.3.a.	Unregulated working conditions;
	10.S1.3.b.	Laissez-faire policies toward big business;
	10.S1.3.c.	Violence toward supporters of organized labor.
	10.S1.4.	Explain the goals and outcomes of the late 19th and early 20th century reform movements of Populism and Progressivism with emphasis on:
	10.S1.4.a.	Urban reforms;
	10.S1.4.b.	Conservation;
	10.S1.4.c.	Business regulation and antitrust legislation;
	10.S1.4.d.	The movement for public schooling;
	10.S1.4.e.	The regulation of child labor.
	10.S1.5.	Trace the development of the United States as a world power with emphasis on:
	10.S1.5.a.	The Spanish-American War;
	10.S1.5.b.	U.S. imperialism in the Far East, South Pacific, Caribbean and Central America.
	10.S1.6.	Trace the development of the United States as a world power with emphasis on:
	10.S1.6.a.	The decision to enter into World War I;
	10.S1.6.b.	President Wilson's Fourteen Points;
	10.S1.6.c.	The Treaty of Versailles;
	10.S1.6.d.	The decision of the United States not to participate in the League of Nations.
	10.S1.7.	Analyze the impact of U.S. participation in World War II, with emphasis on the change from isolationism to international involvement including the reaction to the attack on Pearl Harbor.
	10.S1.8.	Explain how the Cold War and related conflicts influenced U.S. foreign policy after 1945 with emphasis on:
	10.S1.8.a.	The Marshall Plan;
	10.S1.8.b.	Communist containment, including the Truman Doctrine, Berlin Blockade and Cuban Missile Crisis;
	10.S1.8.c.	The Korean War and the Vietnam War.
	10.S1.9.	Analyze the major political, economic and social developments of the 1920s including:
	10.S1.9.a.	The Red Scare;
	10.S1.9.b.	Women's right to vote;
	10.S1.9.c.	African-American migrations from the South to the North;
	10.S1.9.d.	Immigration restrictions, nativism, race riots and the reemergence of the Ku Klux Klan;
	10.S1.9.e.	The Roaring Twenties and the Harlem Renaissance;
	10.S1.9.f.	Stock market speculation and the stock market crash of 1929.
	10.S1.10.	Analyze the causes and consequences of major political, economic and social developments of the 1930s with emphasis on:
	10.S1.10.a.	The Great Depression;
	10.S1.10.b.	The Dust Bowl;
	10.S1.10.c.	The New Deal.
	10.S1.11.	Analyze the impact of U.S. participation in World War II with emphasis on:
	10.S1.11.a.	Events on the home front to support the war effort, including industrial mobilization, women and minorities in the workforce;
	10.S1.11.b.	The internment of Japanese-Americans.
	10.S1.12.	Explain major domestic developments after 1945 with emphasis on:
	10.S1.12.a	Postwar prosperity in the United States;
	10.S1.12.b.	McCarthyism;
	10.S1.12.c.	The space race;
	10.S1.12.d.	Immigration patterns.
	10.S1.13.	Trace social unrest, protest and change in the United States including:
	10.S1.13.a.	Antiwar protest during the
	10.S1.13.b.	Vietnam War;
	10.S1.13.c.	The counterculture movement;
	10.S1.13.d.	The women's liberation movement.
	10.S1.14.	Analyze the origins, major developments, controversies and consequences of the civil rights movement with emphasis on:
	10.S1.14.a.	Brown v. Board of Education;
	10.S1.14.b.	Changes in goals and tactics of leading civil rights advocates and organizations;
	10.S1.14.c.	The linkages between the civil rights movement and movements to gain justice for other minority groups.
	10.S2.	People in Societies
	10.S2.A.	Analyze the influence of different cultural perspectives on the actions of groups.
	10.S2.B.	Analyze the consequences of oppression, discrimination and conflict between cultures.
	10.S2.C.	Analyze the ways that contacts between people of different cultures result in exchanges of cultural practices.
	10.S2.1.	Describe how the perspectives of cultural groups helped to create political action groups such as:
	10.S2.1.a.	The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP);
	10.S2.1.b.	National Organization for Women (NOW);
	10.S2.1.c.	American Indian Movement (AIM);
	10.S2.1.d.	United Farm Workers.
	10.S2.2.	Analyze the perspectives that are evident in African-American, American Indian and Latino art, music, literature and media and how these contributions reflect and shape culture in the United States.
	10.S2.3.	Explain how Jim Crow laws legalized discrimination based on race.
	10.S2.4.	Analyze the struggle for racial and gender equality and its impact on the changing status of minorities since the late 19th century.
	10.S2.5.	Explain the effects of immigration on society in the United States:
	10.S2.5.a.	Housing patterns;
	10.S2.5.b.	Political affiliation;
	10.S2.5.c.	Education system;
	10.S2.5.d.	Language;
	10.S2.5.e.	Labor practices;
	10.S2.5.f.	Religion.
	10.S3.	Geography
	10.S3.A.	Analyze the cultural, physical, economic and political characteristics that define regions and describe reasons that regions change over time.
	10.S3.B.	Analyze geographic changes brought about by human activity using appropriate maps and other geographic data.
	10.S3.C.	Analyze the patterns and processes of movement of people, products and ideas.
	10.S3.1.	Explain how perceptions and characteristics of geographic regions in the United States have changed over time including:
	10.S3.1.a.	Urban areas;
	10.S3.1.b.	Wilderness;
	10.S3.1.c.	Farmland;
	10.S3.1.d.	Centers of industry and technology.
	10.S3.2.	Describe how changes in technology, transportation and communication affect the location and patterns of economic activities and use of productive resources.
	10.S3.3.	Analyze the geographic processes that contributed to changes in American society including:
	10.S3.3.a.	Industrialization and post-industrialization;
	10.S3.3.b.	Urbanization and suburbanization;
	10.S3.3.c.	Immigration.
	10.S4.	Economics
	10.S4.A.	Compare how different economic systems answer the fundamental economic questions of what goods and services to produce, how to produce them, and who will consume them.
	10.S4.B.	Explain how the U.S. government provides public services, redistributes income, regulates economic activity, and promotes economic growth and stability.
	10.S4.1.	Evaluate the effects of specialization, trade and interdependence on the economic system of the United States.
	10.S4.2.	Analyze the development and impacts of labor unions, farm organizations and business organizations on the U.S. economy.
	10.S4.3.	Demonstrate how U.S. governmental policies, including taxes, antitrust legislation and environmental regualitons affect individuals and businesses.
	10.S4.4.	Explain the reasons for the creation of the Federal Reserve System and its importance to the economy.
	10.S4.5.	Analyze the impact of the Great Depression and World War II on the economy of the United States and the resulting expansion of the role of the federal government.
	10.S5.	Government
	10.S5.A.	Analyze the evolution of the Constitution through post-Reconstruction amendments and Supreme Court decisions.
	10.S5.B.	Analyze the differences among various forms of government to determine how power is acquired and used.
	10.S5.1.	Examine the U.S. Constitution as a living document by analyzing its evolution through amendments and Supreme Court decisions including:
	10.S5.1.a.	Plessy v. Ferguson;
	10.S5.1.b.	Brown v. Board of Education;
	10.S5.1.c.	Regents of the University of California v. Bakke.
	10.S5.2.	Explain why the 19th and 26th Amendments were enacted and how they affected individuals and groups.
	10.S6.	Citizenship Rights and Responsibilities
	10.S6.A.	Analyze ways people achieve governmental change, including political action, social protest and revolution.
	10.S6.B.	Explain how individual rights are relative, not absolute, and describe the balance between individual rights, the rights of others, and the common good.
	10.S6.1.	Describe the ways in which government policy has been shaped and set by the influence of political parties, interest groups, lobbyists, the media and public opinion with emphasis on:
	10.S6.1.a.	Extension of suffrage;
	10.S6.1.b.	Labor legislation;
	10.S6.1.c.	Civil rights legislation;
	10.S6.1.d.	Military policy;
	10.S6.1.e.	Environmental legislation;
	10.S6.1.f.	Business regulation;
	10.S6.1.g.	Educational policy.
	10.S6.2.	Explain how civil disobedience differs from other forms of dissent and evaluate its application and consequences including:
	10.S6.2.a.	Women's suffrage movement of the late 1800s;
	10.S6.2.b.	Civil rights movement of the 1960s;
	10.S6.2.c.	Student protests during the Vietnam War.
	10.S6.3.	Explain the considerations and criteria commonly used in determining what limits should be placed on specific rights including:
	10.S6.3.a.	Clear and present danger;
	10.S6.3.b.	Compelling government interest;
	10.S6.3.c.	National security;
	10.S6.3.d.	Libel or slander;
	10.S6.3.e.	Public safety;
	10.S6.3.f.	Equal opportunity
	10.S6.4.	Analyze instances in which the rights of individuals were restricted including:
	10.S6.4.a.	Conscientious objectors in World War I;
	10.S6.4.b.	Immigrants during the Red Scare;
	10.S6.4.c.	Intellectuals and artists during the McCarthy Era;
	10.S6.4.d.	African-Americans during the civil rights movement.
	10.S7.	Social Studies Skills and Methods
	10.S7.A.	Evaluate the reliability and credibility of sources.
	10.S7.B.	Use data and evidence to support or refute a thesis.
	10.S7.1.	Determine the credibility of sources by considering the following:
	10.S7.1.a.	The qualifications and reputation of the writer;
	10.S7.1.b.	Agreement with other credible sources;
	10.S7.1.c.	Recognition of stereotypes;
	10.S7.1.d.	Accuracy and consistency of sources;
	10.S7.1.e.	The circumstances in which the author prepared the source.
	10.S7.2.	Critique evidence used to support a thesis.
	10.S7.3.	Analyze one or more issues and present a persuasive argument to defend a position.

		Social Studies Curriculum Alignment: Grade 10 - Grade 11 - Grade 12 - Top of Page Social Studies Benchmarks - Academics Page

	Grade 11 Social Studies Curriculum Alignment
	11.S1.	History
	11.S1.A.	Explain patterns of historical continuity and change by challenging arguments of historical inevitability.
	11.S1.B.	Use historical interpretations to explain current issues.
	11.S1.1.	Evaluate the limitations and the opportunities that result from decisions made in the past including:
	11.S1.1.a.	Electoral College;
	11.S1.1.b.	Direct election of senators;
	11.S1.1.c.	Income tax;
	11.S1.1.d.	Length of terms of elected and appointed officials.
	11.S1.2.	Trace key Supreme Court decisions related to a provision of the Constitution (e.g., cases related to reapportionment of legislative districts, free speech or separation of church and state).
	11.S2.	People in Societies
	11.S2.A.	Analyze how issues may be viewed differently by various cultural groups.
	11.S2.B.	Identify the causes of political, economic and social oppression and analyze ways individuals, organizations and countries respond to resulting conflicts.
	11.S2.C.	Explain the role of diverse cultural institutions in shaping American society.
	11.S2.1.	Choose a government policy or program and analyze how it has affected and been received by one or more racial, ethnic or religious groups:
	11.S2.1.a.	Indian policies;
	11.S2.1.b.	Immigration laws;
	11.S2.1.c.	Segregation policies;
	11.S2.1.d.	Selective service laws.
	11.S2.2.	Identify causes of prejudice and demonstrate ways in which legal protections (including constitutional amendments and civil rights legislation) prevent and reduce discrimination.
	11.S2.3.	Identify and analyze governmental policies that enable individuals of different cultures to participate in the U.S. society and economy including:
	11.S2.3.a.	Naturalization;
	11.S2.3.b.	Voting rights;
	11.S2.3.c.	Racial integration;
	11.S2.3.d.	Affirmative action.
	11.S2.4.	Explain how the United States has been affected politically, economically and socially by its multicultural diversity (e.g., work force, new ideas and perspectives, and modifications to culture).
	11.S3.	Geography
	11.S3.A.	Explain how the character and meaning of a place reflect a society's economics, politics, social values, ideology and culture.
	11.S3.B.	Evaluate the consequences of geographic and environmental changes resulting from governmental policies and human modifications to the physical environment.
	11.S3.C.	Use appropriate data sources and geographic tools to analyze and evaluate public policies.
	11.S3.1.	Explain how government decisions reflect a society's values about land use (e.g., zoning, park development or toxic waste disposal).
	11.S3.2.	Analyze and evaluate the consequences of a governmental policy that affects the physical characteristics of a place or region.
	11.S3.3.	Compare and evaluate alternative public policies for the use of land and natural resources at all levels of government.
	11.S3.4.	Identify and analyze the changing political geography at the local, state, national and international levels including:
	11.S3.4.a.	Annexation;
	11.S3.4.b.	Zoning;
	11.S3.4.c.	Congressional reapportionment;
	11.S3.4.d.	Changes in international boundaries.
	11.S4.	Economics
	11.S4.A.	Analyze how scarcity of productive resources affects supply, demand, inflation and economic choices.
	11.S4.B.	Identify factors which inhibit or spur economic growth and cause expansions or recessions.
	11.S4.C.	Explain how voluntary worldwide trade, specialization and interdependence among countries affect standards of living and economic growth.
	11.S4.D.	Analyze the role of fiscal and regulatory policies in a mixed economy.
	11.S4.E.	Explain the use of a budget in making personal economic decisions and planning for the future.
	11.S4.1.	Explain the effects of shortages, surpluses and government-enforced controls on prices.
	11.S4.2.	Explain ways that people respond to incentives when allocating their scarce resources in their roles as producers, consumers, savers, workers and investors.
	11.S4.3.	Explain the impact of inflation on economic behavior.
	11.S4.4.	Describe the functions of the components that make up an economic system and describe the relationships among them including:
	11.S4.4.a.	Business;
	11.S4.4.b.	Productive resources;
	11.S4.4.c.	Financial institutions;
	11.S4.4.d.	Government;
	11.S4.4.e.	Consumers.
	11.S4.5.	Identify factors that cause changes in economic growth including the effects of supply and demand on the labor market.
	11.S4.6.	Identify indicators that provide information to consumers on the current value or purchasing power of money with a focus on the:
	11.S4.6.a.	Consumer Price Index;
	11.S4.6.b.	Unemployment rate;
	11.S4.6.c.	Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
	11.S4.7.	Explain how countries use their comparative advantage to produce goods and services for trade with other countries.
	11.S4.8.	Explain the effects of specialization, interdependence and trade on the United States and other countries.
	11.S4.9.	Explain how changes in exchange rates affect consumers and producers.
	11.S4.10.	Analyze issues related to the use of different types of taxes to fund public goods and services including:
	11.S4.10.a.	Proportional tax;
	11.S4.10.b.	Progressive tax;
	11.S4.10.c.	Regressive tax.
	11.S4.11.	Explain why incomes will differ in the labor market depending on supply and demand for skills, abilities and education levels.
	11.S4.12.	Explain the role of individuals in the economy as producers, consumers, savers, workers and investors.
	11.S4.13.	Explain the consequences of the economic choices made by individuals and the tools which they use to manage their financial resources including:
	11.S4.13.a.	Budgets;
	11.S4.13.b.	Savings;
	11.S4.13.c.	Investments;
	11.S4.13.d.	Credit;
	11.S4.13.e.	Philanthropy.
	11.S4.14.	Describe how interest rates affect savers and borrowers.
	11.S5.	Government
	11.S5.A.	Evaluate, take and defend positions about issues concerning the alignment of the characteristics of American democracy with realities in the United States today.
	11.S5.B.	Explain how the U.S. Constitution has evolved including its philosophical foundations, amendments and court interpretations.
	11.S5.C.	Analyze how citizens participate in the election process in the United States.
	11.S5.1.	Analyze the actions of the U.S. government and evaluate the extent to which those actions reflect characteristics of American democracy and help to serve the public good.
	11.S5.2.	Explain, using examples, how political parties, interest groups, the media and individuals influence the policy agenda and decision-making of government institutions.
	11.S5.3.	Describe the changing relationships among the branches of the national government, and evaluate applications of the principles of separation of powers and checks and balances for serving the public good and protecting individual rights.
	11.S5.4.	Describe the changing relationship among the levels of government in the U.S. federal system, and evaluate applications of the principle of federalism for serving the public good and protecting individual rights.
	11.S5.5.	Explain the major responsibilities of the federal government for domestic and foreign policy including powers of each branch of the government.
	11.S5.6.	Explain the functions of local and state governments in Ohio and how their powers are derived from the Ohio Constitution.
	11.S5.7.	Explain the philosophical foundations of the American political system as outlined in the Declaration of Independence, the U.S. Constitution and the Federalist Papers with emphasis on the basic principles of natural rights.
	11.S5.8.	Compare and analyze the powers granted to the national and state governments in the federal system with emphasis on:
	11.S5.8.a.	Concurrent powers;
	11.S5.8.b.	Reserved powers;
	11.S5.8.c.	Implied powers;
	11.S5.8.d.	Expressed powers.
	11.S5.9.	Explain how interpretations of the basic principles found in the U.S. Constitution have changed over timS5.
	11.S5.10.	Explain the importance of the privilege of habeas corpus and the constitutional prohibitions against bills of attainder and ex post facto laws.
	11.S5.11.	Explain the role of elections and political parties (including third parties) in facilitating the democratic process.
	11.S5.12.	Describe the ways in which public officials are held accountable for the public good including ways they can acquire and lose their offices with emphasis on:
	11.S5.12.a.	Appointments;
	11.S5.12.b.	Primary and general elections;
	11.S5.12.c.	The Electoral College;
	11.S5.12.d.	Recall;
	11.S5.12.e.	Impeachment.
	11.S5.13.	Explain the use of the initiative and referendum in the government of Ohio.
	11.S6.	Citizenship Rights and Responsibilities
	11.S6.A.	Evaluate various means for citizens to take action on a particular issue.
	11.S6.B.	Explain how the exercise of a citizen's rights and responsibilities helps to strengthen a democracy.
	11.S6.1.	Analyze historical and contemporary examples of citizen movements to bring about political change (e.g., Mothers Against Drunk Driving [MADD], NOW, Common Cause, NAACP and Eagle Forum).
	11.S6.2.	Choose an effective method of citizen participation in the policy process and identify the level of government and person or agency with jurisdiction for a particular set of circumstances.
	11.S6.3.	Explain how an individual participates in primary and general elections including:
	11.S6.3.a.	Registering to vote;
	11.S6.3.b.	Identifying the major duties, responsibilities and qualifications required for a particular position;
	11.S6.3.c.	Becoming informed about candidates and issues;
	11.S6.3.d.	Declaring or changing party affiliation;
	11.S6.3.e.	Obtaining, marking and depositing a ballot.
	11.S6.4.	Compare the rights of citizens and resident aliens.
	11.S6.5.	Explain the meaning and importance of each of the rights guaranteed under the Bill of Rights and how they are secured through:
	11.S6.5.a.	Legislation;
	11.S6.5.b.	The role of the judiciary in upholding rights;
	11.S6.5.c.	The role of citizens exercising their rights.
	11.S6.6.	Explain how citizenship includes the exercise of personal responsibility and active participation in a democracy including:
	11.S6.6.a.	Behaving in a civil manner;
	11.S6.6.b.	Being fiscally responsible;
	11.S6.6.c.	Accepting responsibility for the consequences of one's actions;
	11.S6.6.d.	Practicing civil discourse;
	11.S6.6.e.	Becoming informed on public issues;
	11.S6.6.f.	Voting;
	11.S6.6.g.	Taking action on public issues;
	11.S6.6.h.	Providing public service;
	11.S6.6.i.	Serving on juries.
	11.S7.	Social Studies Skills and Methods
	11.S7.A.	Obtain and evaluate information from public records and other resources related to a public policy issue.
	11.S7.B.	Critique data and information to determine the adequacy of support for conclusions.
	11.S7.C.	Develop a research project that identifies the various perspectives on an issue and explain a resolution of that issue.
	11.S7.D.	Work in groups to analyze an issue and make decisions.
	11.S7.1.	Identify a current public policy issue and arguments relative to the issue.
	11.S7.2.	Determine criteria by which arguments will be judged.
	11.S7.3.	Identify advocacy groups and obtain public policy information they produce.
	11.S7.4.	Adjust a research question or topic based on information obtained while conducting research.
	11.S7.5.	Choose a position on an issue and develop a rationale for that position.
	11.S7.6.	Critique the conclusions drawn from survey and research data by questioning:
	11.S7.6.a.	Sample size;
	11.S7.6.b.	Demographics;
	11.S7.6.c.	The sponsoring organization;
	11.S7.6.d.	Logic of the conclusions reached.
	11.S7.7.	Identify appropriate tools for communicating a position on an issue (e.g., electronic resources, newsletters, letters to the editor, public displays and handouts).
	11.S7.8.	Apply the processes of persuasion, compromise and negotiation to the resolution of conflicts and differences.

		Social Studies Curriculum Alignment: Grade 10 - Grade 11 - Grade 12 - Top of Page Social Studies Benchmarks - Academics Page

	Grade 12 Social Studies Curriculum Alignment
	12.S1.	History
	12.S1.A.	Explain patterns of historical continuity and change by challenging arguments of historical inevitability.
	12.S1.B.	Use historical interpretations to explain current issues.
	12.S1.1.	Challenge arguments of historical inevitability by giving examples of how different choices could have led to different consequences (e.g., choices made during the Civil War, choices relating to immigration policy, or choices made during the Cuban Missile Crisis).
	12.S1.2.	Analyze primary source material to see if a historical interpretation is supported.
	12.S1.3.	Analyze cause-and-effect relationships and multiple causation including the influence of ideas, the role of chance and individual and collective action.
	12.S2.	People in Societies
	12.S2.A.	Analyze how issues may be viewed differently by various cultural groups.
	12.S2.B.	Identify the causes of political, economic and social oppression and analyze ways individuals, organizations and countries respond to resulting conflicts.
	12.S2.C.	Explain the role of diverse cultural institutions in shaping American society.
	12.S2.1.	Identify the perspectives of diverse cultural groups when analyzing current issues.
	12.S2.2.	Analyze proposed solutions to current issues from the perspectives of diverse cultural groups.
	12.S2.3.	Analyze ways countries and organizations respond to conflicts between forces of unity and forces of diversity (e.g., English only/bilingual education, theocracies/religious freedom, immigration quotas/open immigration policy, single-sex schools/coeducation).
	12.S2.4.	Evaluate the effectiveness of international governmental organizations (e.g., United Nations, European Union, World Court and Organization of American States), multinational corporations, and nongovernmental organizations (e.g., Amnesty International, Red Cross and World Council of Churches) in the global arena.
	12.S2.5.	Evaluate the role of institutions in guiding, transmitting, preserving and changing culture.
	12.S3.	Geography
	12.S3.A.	Explain how the character and meaning of a place reflect a society's economics, politics, social values, ideology and culture.
	12.S3.B.	Evaluate the consequences of geographic and environmental changes resulting from governmental policies and human modifications to the physical environment.
	12.S3.C.	Use appropriate data sources and geographic tools to analyze and evaluate public policies.
	12.S3.1.	Explain how people create places that reflect culture, human needs, government policy, current values and ideals as they design and build specialized buildings, as they design and build specialized buildings, neighborhoods, shopping centers, urban centers and industrial parks.
	12.S3.2.	Describe the intended and unintended effects of human modifications to the physical environment and weigh the costs and benefits of alternative approaches to addressing environmental concerns (e.g., alternative sources of energy, mass transportation systems, or farmland and wetland preservation).
	12.S3.3.	Analyze policies and programs for natural resource use and management considering possible trade-offs between environmental quality and economic growth.
	12.S3.4.	Use appropriate data sources and tools to gather, manipulate, interpret and communicate geographic information related to civic/global issues.
	12.S4.	Economics
	12.S4.A.	Analyze how scarcity of productive resources affects supply, demand, inflation and economic choices.
	12.S4.B.	Identify factors which inhibit or spur economic growth and cause expansions or recessions.
	12.S4.C.	Explain how voluntary worldwide trade, specialization and interdependence among countries affect standards of living and economic growth.
	12.S4.D.	Analyze the role of fiscal and regulatory policies in a mixed economy.
	12.S4.E.	Explain the use of a budget in making personal economic decisions and planning for the future.
	12.S4.1.	Compare how values and beliefs influence economic decisions in different communities.
	12.S4.2.	Explain the impact of marginal cost/marginal benefit analysis on decision-making.
	12.S4.3.	Select a current issue; identify the costs and benefits of various choices to determine the impact of personal and social economic decisions on the allocation of productive resources
	12.S4.4.	Use the circular flow model to explain the flow of money, goods, services and productive resources in the economy.
	12.S4.5.	Identify reasons for and the impacts of multinational economic organizations:
	12.S4.5.a.	Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC);
	12.S4.5.b.	European Monetary Union;
	12.S4.5.c.	North American Free Trade
	12.S4.5.d.	Agreement (NAFTA);
	12.S4.5.e.	World Trade Organization (WTO);
	12.S4.5.f.	World Bank.
	12.S4.6.	Analyze economic policy decisions made by governments that have resulted in intended and unintended consequences.
	12.S4.7.	Identify public policies that may cost more than the benefits they generate, assess who enjoys the benefits, who bears the cost and explain why the policies exist.
	12.S5.	Government
	12.S5.A.	Evaluate, take and defend positions about issues concerning the alignment of the characteristics of American democracy with realities in the United States today.
	12.S5.B.	Explain how the U.S. Constitution has evolved including its philosophical foundations, amendments and court interpretations.
	12.S5.C.	Analyze how citizens participate in the election process in the United States.
	12.S5.1.	Identify and analyze an issue related to domestic or foreign policy in the United States e.g., human rights, intervention in conflicts between other countries, or health care).
	12.S5.2.	Explain how individuals and groups, both governmental and non-governmental, influence domestic and foreign policy and evaluate how these actions reflect characteristics of American democracy.
	12.S5.3.	Explain the key arguments made for and against the ratification of the Constitution and illustrate how those arguments influence contemporary political debate.
	12.S5.4.	Identify and analyze issues related to the election process in the United States (S5.g., election board policies, technology used in elections, media reporting of election results.
	12.S6.	Citizenship Rights and Responsibilities
	12.S6.A.	Evaluate various means for citizens to take action on a particular issue.
	12.S6.B.	Explain how the exercise of a citizen's rights and responsibilities helps to strengthen a democracy.
	12.S6.1.	Practice forms of civic discussion and participation consistent with the ideals of citizens of a democratic republic:
	12.S6.1.a.	Persuasive speech;
	12.S6.1.b.	Panel discussion;
	12.S6.1.c.	Debate.
	12.S6.2.	Evaluate policies that have been proposed as ways of dealing with social changes resulting from new technologies (e.g., censorship of the media, intellectual property rights, or organ donation).
	12.S6.3.	Analyze relationships and tensions between national sovereignty and international accords and organizations (e.g., international agreements on environmental issues, trade agreements, arms agreements, European Union or NATO).
	12.S6.4.	Explain and demonstrate knowledge of federal and Ohio freedom of information and open meeting laws.
	12.S6.5.	Explain how to file a request for public information using either the appropriate federal or Ohio freedom of information statute.
	12.S6.6.	Prepare a plan of action that defines a community issue and suggest alternative solutions or courses of action based on appropriate criteria.
	12.S6.7.	Analyze the causes, consequences and possible solutions to persistent, contemporary and emerging world problems (e.g., health, security, resource allocation, economic development or environmental quality).
	12.S6.8.	Analyze how democracy, the free flow of information, global economic interdependence, or human rights movements can cause change within a country.
	12.S6.9.	Compare elements, proceedings and decisions related to the right to a fair trial in criminal and civil courts and describe alternatives to litigation for maintaining order and resolving conflicts within the U.S. legal system including:
	12.S6.9.a.	Mediation;
	12.S6.9.b.	Arbitration;
	12.S6.9.c.	Alternative dispute resolution;
	12.S6.9.d.	Plea-bargaining.
	12.S7.	Social Studies Skills and Methods
	12.S7.A.	Obtain and evaluate information from public records and other resources related to a public policy issue.
	12.S7.B.	Critique data and information to determine the adequacy of support for conclusions.
	12.S7.C.	Develop a research project that identifies the various perspectives on an issue and explain a resolution of that issue.
	12.S7.D.	Work in groups to analyze an issue and make decisions.
	12.S7.1.	Obtain and evaluate information from public records and other resources related to a public policy issue.
	12.S7.2.	Construct an action plan for presenting a position to the appropriate decision-making body.
	12.S7.3.	Research an issue or topic by gathering, recording, evaluating and interpreting relevant data.
	12.S7.4.	Develop a research project and make formal presentations to the class and/or community members using:
	12.S7.4.a.	Key terms;
	12.S7.4.b.	Support for main ideas;
	12.S7.4.c.	Examples;
	12.S7.4.d.	Statistics and other evidence;
	12.S7.4.e.	Visual aids;
	12.S7.4.f.	Formal citation of sources.
	12.S7.5.	Respond to questions and feedback about presentations knowledgeably and civilly.
	12.S7.6.	Build consensus within a group by:
	12.S7.6.a.	Finding points of agreement;
	12.S7.6.b.	Identifying points individuals are willing to concede;
	12.S7.6.C.	Making sure that all voices are heard;
	12.S7.6.d.	Attempting to understand the view of others.
	12.S7.7.	Engage in group work on issues-analysis and decision-making:
	12.S7.7.a.	Identify a problem or dilemma;
	12.S7.7.b.	Analyze the interests, values and points of view;
	12.S7.7.c.	Identify causes of the problem or dilemma;
	12.S7.7.d.	Propose alternative solutions;
	12.S7.7.e.	Formulate a position or course of action;
	12.S7.7.f.	Evaluate the consequences of the action taken

		Social Studies Curriculum Alignment: Grade 10 - Grade 11 - Grade 12 - Top of Page Social Studies Benchmarks

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